Calcined petroleum coke is a critical ingredient in the production of aluminum. It is created by placing high quality raw “green” petroleum coke into rotary kilns, where it is heated to temperatures between 1200 to 1350 ˚C (2192 to 2460 ˚F). The high temperatures remove excess moisture, extract all remaining hydrocarbons and modify the crystalline structure of the coke, resulting in a denser more electrically conductive product. In a matter of hours, calcined petroleum coke is cooled from 1350 ˚C to less than 200 ˚C, when it can be safely handled and transported to storage silos or placed directly into shipping containers, trucks, railcars, barges or vessels.